摘要
物理教育作为科学教育的重要组成部分，其研究水平直接关系到国民科学素养的提升和创新人才的培养。本文综述了2019-2024年国内外物理教育研究的进展，通过比较分析揭示了国内外研究在核心主题、课程标准、实验教学、核心素养导向及前沿趋势等方面的异同。研究发现，国际物理教育研究在概念转变、眼动追踪、虚拟仿真及量子物理教育等领域形成了较为成熟的研究范式，强调基于证据的教学改进和跨学科整合；国内物理教育研究则在核心素养落地、课程标准解读及实验教学改革等方面取得了显著进展，注重本土化实践与政策导向。通过比较分析，本文提出了加强实证研究、深化跨学科融合、推进信息技术与物理教学深度融合、关注教育公平及构建中国特色物理教育研究体系等启示建议，以期为我国物理教育的改革与发展提供参考。
关键词： 物理教育；核心素养；课程标准；实验教学；概念转变；比较研究
Abstract
As an important component of science education, the research level of physics education directly affects the improvement of national scientific competencies and the cultivation of innovative talents. This paper reviews the progress of domestic and international research on physics education from 2019 to 2024. Through comparative analysis, it reveals the similarities and differences between domestic and international research in core themes, curriculum standards, experimental teaching, core competency orientation, and cutting-edge trends. The study finds that international physics education research has formed relatively mature research paradigms in areas such as conceptual shift, eye-tracking, virtual simulation, and quantum physics education, emphasizing evidence-based teaching improvement and interdisciplinary integration. Domestic physics education research has made significant progress in implementing core competencies, interpreting curriculum standards, and reforming experimental teaching, focusing on localized practices and policy guidance. Through comparative analysis, this paper proposes suggestions such as strengthening empirical research, deepening interdisciplinary integration, promoting the deep integration of information technology and physics teaching, focusing on educational equity, and constructing a physics education research system with Chinese characteristics, aiming to provide a reference for the reform and development of physics education in the country.
Key words： Physics education; Core competencies; Curriculum standards; Experimental teaching; Conceptual shift; Comparative study
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