Microscopic mechanism of the photoelectric effect and chip design applications based on unified space-time quantization theory
基于统一时空量子化理论的光电效应微观机制与芯片设计应用

摘要

目的 突破经典光电效应理论的局限性，从时空量子化角度构建基本粒子模型与力统一表达式，揭示光电效应的3D微观物理机制。方法 通过普朗克尺度时空量子化建立元子模型；基于元子架构电磁波传播模型；结合德布罗意驻波理论构建电子、质子及原子核结构；推导基本作用力统一表达式 F=nћc/r2 ；结合原子模型分析电子束缚能，建立光电效应新判据。结果 提出光电效应发生条件为入射光频率满足 ν ≥ aνe（a为精细结构常数，νe 为电子本征频率，ν入射光频率），表明电子脱离原子核束缚的能量阈值取决于电子自身的量子化频率共振特性。结论 时空量子化框架下的粒子模型与力统一理论为光电效应提供了微观3D动力学解释，揭示了光-物质相互作用的深层物理本质，为下一代软基芯片设计提供新思路。

Abstract

Objective To break through the limitations of the classical photoelectric effect theory, construct a fundamental particle model and an unified expression of forces from the perspective of spacetime quantization, and reveal the 3D microscopic physical mechanism of the photoelectric effect.
Methods The Yuanzi (Firston) Model was established through spacetime quantization at the Planck scale; an electromagnetic wave propagation model was constructed based on the firston framework; the structures of electrons, protons, and atomic nuclei were built by combining de Broglie's standing wave theory; the unified expression of fundamental forces,F=nћc/r2, was derived; and a new criterion for the photoelectric effect was established by analyzing electron binding energy in combination with the atomic model.
Results It is proposed that the condition for the occurrence of the photoelectric effect is that the incident light frequency satisfies ν ≥ aνe (where a is the fine-structure constant, νe is the intrinsic frequency of the electron, and ν is the frequency of the incident light). This indicates that the energy threshold for an electron to escape the nuclear binding depends on the electron's intrinsic quantized resonant frequency characteristics.
Conclusion   The particle model and the unified force theory within the framework of spacetime quantization provide a 3D microscopic dynamic explanation for the photoelectric effect, revealing the deep physical essence of light-matter interaction.